Difference between ijtihad and ijma

mr khwaja kaleemuddin ne pensilvenia, usa se sawal kiya hai. unhon ne likha hai: "maulana sahib, what is the difference between ijtihad and ijma? is ijma necessary on any ijtihad?" dekhiye, yeh ek bada masla hai yeh. aaj mein isi par bolne wala tha lekin kisi wajah se topic badal gaya. dekhie, ijma ka jo tasawwur hai logon ka, ab mein is ko sahi nahi samajhta. ijma ko woh

aaj kal kya hai, mukhtasar tor par arz karunga ke fuqaha jo hain kehte hain ke shariyat ke char masadir hain. masdar yani source. source of shariyat jo hai woh char hain: quran, sunnat, ijma aur qiyas. mein kehta hoon yeh sahi nahi hai. sirf do hi masdar hain. woh hai quran aur hadith. jaisa ke hadith mein aata hai: "tarf tofeeq mustaqil kitab allah wa sunnati". to asal jo hai woh sirf quran aur hadith hai aur koi aslan nahi hai.

baqi jo hai teesra woh ijtihad hai. ijtihad ki qismein hain, un mein se aik qism hai ijma, aik qism hai qiyas. to ijma jo hai abadi nahi hota. logon ne samajh rakha hai ke aik bar ijma ho gaya to hamesha ke liye ijma quran o sunnat ki taraf ho gaya. yeh bilkul galat hai yeh. har giz nahi. ijma jo hota hai kisi waqti masle ko hal karne ke liye hota hai. to aik waqti masla pesh aya. is mein do soortein hain. agar sab ki raah aik ho jaye to woh hua ijma. agar sab ki raah aik na ho to

aksariyat dekha jayega, is ko kehte hain jumhoor. to na to jumhoor ki raah hai aur na ijma hamesha ke liye hota hai. waqti hota hai woh. yani halaat badal jayein to ijma bhi badal jayega aur jumhoor ki raah bhi badal jayegi. jo na badalne wali cheez hai woh sirf do hain: quran aur hadith. to khulasa yeh hai ke ijma se pehle ijtihad hai. jab bhi quran o hadith mein sarahatan kuch na mile, hidayat aap ko sochna pare to woh ijtihad ka masla hota hai. ab ijtihad ki jab aap karenge to kabhi

consensus ho jayega, kabhi nahi hoga, is ki wajah se shaklein badalengi. to mera dekh asal cheez quran o sunnat ke baad jo hai woh ijtihad hi hai. yeh jo logon ne banaya hai ijma o qiyas, yeh apni taraf se banaya hai. lekin phir bhi mein kahunga ke ijma agar kisi cheez ke upar ho jaye to woh abadi kabhi bhi nahi hoga. waqti hoga woh. abadi hai to sirf quran o sunnat hai. is par inshallah mein aik aik poora aik class karna chahta hoon is masle par aindah kisi waqt.

maulana, agla sawal aya hai mister shahnawaz khan ka dilli se. unhon ne likha hai: "the body is made of atoms which is lifeless and of course mortal.