يُوصِيكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِيٓ أَوۡلَٰدِكُمۡۖ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِۚ فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَآءٗ فَوۡقَ ٱثۡنَتَيۡنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَۖ وَإِن كَانَتۡ وَٰحِدَةٗ فَلَهَا ٱلنِّصۡفُۚ وَلِأَبَوَيۡهِ لِكُلِّ وَٰحِدٖ مِّنۡهُمَا ٱلسُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٞۚ فَإِن لَّمۡ يَكُن لَّهُۥ وَلَدٞ وَوَرِثَهُۥٓ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلثُّلُثُۚ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُۥٓ إِخۡوَةٞ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلسُّدُسُۚ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٖ يُوصِي بِهَآ أَوۡ دَيۡنٍۗ ءَابَآؤُكُمۡ وَأَبۡنَآؤُكُمۡ لَا تَدۡرُونَ أَيُّهُمۡ أَقۡرَبُ لَكُمۡ نَفۡعٗاۚ فَرِيضَةٗ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمٗا
Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females. But if there are [only] daughters, two or more, for them is two thirds of one's estate. And if there is only one, for her is half. And for one's parents, to each one of them is a sixth of his estate if he left children. But if he had no children and the parents [alone] inherit from him, then for his mother is one third. And if he had brothers [or sisters], for his mother is a sixth, after any bequest he [may have] made or debt. Your parents or your children - you know not which of them are nearest to you in benefit. [These shares are] an obligation [imposed] by Allah. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Wise
Man-made laws have some bias or the other. During the ancient tribal age, a boy was of considerable importance in the social order. Since he was a source of strength to the tribe, he was awarded the sole right of inheritance, depriving the girl completely. This has come to be resented in modern times and consequently the boy and the girl are now both considered equal. But, if the ancient principle was unjustified, the present principle is unrealistic. A law free from all types of inequity can be expected only from God, to whom is attributed infinite knowledge and wisdom. The divine laws enjoined by God on this subject are not only a real source of social justice, but relate in the most profound way to the life Hereafter as well.
حق كا اعتراف اكثر حالات ميں اپني بڑائي كو كھونے كے هم معني هوتا هے۔ آدمي اپني بڑائي كو كھونا نهيں چاهتا۔ اس ليے وه حق كا اعتراف بھي نهيں كرتا۔ مگر حق كے آگے نه جھكنا خداكے آگے نه جھكنا هے۔ ايسے لوگوں كے لیے خدا كے يهاں سخت ترين عذاب هے۔
آدمي اگر چه تكبر كي بنا پر حق سے اعراض كرتا هے تاهم اپنے رويه كے جواز كے ليے وه نظرياتي دليل پيش كرتا هے۔ مگر اس دليل كي حقيقت جھوٹے الفاظ سے زياده نهيں هوتي۔ ايسا آدمي كسي چيز كو غلط مفهوم دے كر اس كو شوشه بناتاهے۔ اور اس شوشه كي بنياد پر حق كا اور اس کے داعي كا مذاق اڑانے لگتا هے۔ ايسے لوگ سخت ترين سزاكے مستحق هيں۔ كيوں كه وه بد عملي پر سركشي كا اضافه كررهے هيں۔ اس سركشي پر انھيں جو چيز آماده كرتي هے وه ان كي دنيوي حيثيت هے۔ مگر كسي كي دنيوي حيثيت آخرت ميں ا س كے كچھ كام آنے والي نهيں۔
Maulana does not cite this verse in the lectures indexed so far. The verses of this surah Maulana does cite →